The Impact of Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) in Focus on the Reproductive System and Toxicity in Rat or Mammalian Model

Venkataramanaiah Poli; Srinivasulu Reddy Motireddy

doi:10.3844/ajptsp.2024.1.26

Abstract

Endocrine disruptor pollution and its effects on the human reproductive system have garnered significant interest. Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) is a reproductive toxin and environmental endocrine disruptor. Due to their widespread use in consumer goods and flexible plastics, phthalate diesters are now common environmental pollutants. One of the many industrial and consumer products that contain environmental endocrine disruptors is DEHP. Examples of these products include toys, medical supplies, cleaning products, cosmetics, interior design, and décor materials. Since DEHP reaches the human body in large concentrations and can have an enhanced effect through biological concentration, it has gained widespread attention. In addition to changing the molecular, endocrinological, cytological, and biochemical elements of female reproduction, it also affects the structural and functional features, leading to irregularities in the ovarian cycle and infertility. The literature search was done through Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline. Up until now, studies on the reproductive toxicity of DEHP exposure in adult females have been conducted. It can result in illnesses including uterine hemorrhage, sexual precocity, and infertility, which worries academics and the general public. Moreover, research on animals indicates that exposure to phthalates may alter the levels of circulating hormones, which could have a negative impact on reproductive physiology and the growth of target tissues that are susceptible to estrogen. As a result, we carried out a thorough analysis of the experimental animal and epidemiological literature to determine the connection between phthalate exposure and unfavorable results for the reproductive health of women. The epidemiological literature does not provide evidence for a conclusion that exposure to phthalates has a negative impact because it is lacking for the majority of outcomes examined, has small sample sizes, and has methodological flaws. We have come to the conclusion that there is enough data to imply that phthalates are reproductive toxicants, notwithstanding the dearth of experimental animal investigations for numerous phthalates. We do point out that the quantities required to cause harmful health consequences are higher than those seen in recent human biomonitoring studies. We suggest that additional research is necessary because of the patchwork of existing studies, the possibility of additive effects, and the indication of negative consequences of phthalate exposure in later generations at lower concentrations than in the parent generation.

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The Impact of Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) in Focus on the Reproductive System and Toxicity in Rat or Mammalian Model

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