Development of Ergonomics Guidelines for Improved Sitting Postures in the Classroom among Malaysian University Students

Abstract

PLIBEL stands for Plan for Identifiering av Belastnings faktorer, which is a Sweedish acronym describing a method for identification of ergonomics hazards. Using a modified PLIBEL checklist, this study aimed to identify the relationships among musculoskeletal risk factors and the classroom sitting conditions among Malaysian university students. A survey questionnaire was developed based on the modified PLIBEL checklist. A total of 142 responses were retrieved. The data was managed with SPSS version 21 and analysed using reliability analysis, normality analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results suggested that there was little correlation between the perception of the table and chair arrangements and stress factors by general repetitive movements, repetitive upper extremity movements and space/support of the workplace. Since static sitting postures were typical, students faced risks of developing common musculoskeletal disorders, especially on the lower back and upper back. A list of guidelines was recommended based on the findings to prevent potential musculoskeletal disorder symptoms.