The Determination of the Tunnel Structure Loads Through the Analysis of the Interaction between the Void and the Support Using the Convergence-Confinement Method

Abstract

The evaluation of the load acting on a tunnel support is of fundamental importance for the correct dimensioning of the structure when analytical calculation methods are used. The load acting on the support depends on various factors and for this reason its evaluation can appear somewhat complex. One way of evaluating the load acting on a support is to use the convergence-confinement method. This process involves intersecting the convergence-confinement curve with the support reaction line. However, in order to be able to adopt this technique, it is necessary to know the radial displacement of the tunnel wall at the point in which the support is to be installed. A technique for the evaluation of the load acting on a support is presented in this study. This technique is based on the convergence-confinement method and on the Vlachopoulos and Diederichs formulation for the estimation of the radial displacement of the tunnel wall at the point in which the support is to be installed. An iterative procedure has been introduced in order to obtain a final evaluation of the load acting on the support. Application of the procedure to over 1700 representative cases of the typical conditions that can be encountered during excavation of a tunnel in rock masses has made it possible to obtain graphs that illustrate the load acting on the support for variations of the in situ lithostatic stress. An analysis of the results has led to considerations on the factors that influence the load acting on the support and has made it possible to identify which factors are of greatest influence and those that can be considered negligible.